Monet, Degas, and Cézanne Star in Landmark Exhibition of Germany’s Finest Art Trove

One of the most significant private art collections in Germany has gone on public display for the first time in Berlin. The trove of masterpieces includes pieces by Goya and the French Impressionists, as well as leading contemporary names like Katharina Grosse and Daniel Richter. The Scharf Collection has been amassed over four generations of one visionary family.

Visitors to “The Scharf Collection: Goya – Monet – Cézanne – Bonnard – Grosse,” on view at the Alte Nationalgalerie through February 15, 2026, will be treated to a veritable “who’s who” of Western art history. Among more than 150 works, they will discover a story of growing collector ambition across three centuries.

“You dive deep into the historical developments, learn about the different personalities who have been collecting and preserving the collection,” promised Anette Hüsch, director of the Alte Nationalgalerie.

The collection has its origins in the passions of Berlin entrepreneur Otto Gerstenberg, who started out buying Renaissance and Baroque-era prints from Germany and the Netherlands. Over time, his interests expanded to include a much wider range of artists, from legendary Spanish painters El Greco and Francisco Goya to major London names like Joshua Reynolds and James McNeill Whistler. But it was French art that really took Gerstenberg’s fancy. He acquired works by Gustave Courbet, Eugène Delacroix, and Honoré Daumier, and become the owner of the world’s largest hoard of work by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.

Among the examples of Gerstenberg’s Toulouse-Lautrec treasures are lithographs from his “Elles” series, all studies of stage and sex workers seeming relaxing in the time between shifts. The artist himself often lived in brothels for weeks at a time, and this is reflected in his broadly empathetic view of their residents. One of his frequent models was the clown Miss Cha-U-Kao, and in one seated depiction she is shown with her legs spread in a provocatively gender-blurring pose.

After Gerstenberg’s death in 1935, his collection of some 2,200 artworks, including 116 paintings and 1,600 prints, was passed down to his daughter Margarethe. She worked with Berlin’s Nationalgalerie to ensure their protection during the air raids of World War II, although some pieces were looted by Russian troops and taken to Saint Petersburg. The artworks, including Edgar Degas’s notable 1875 painting , have never been returned.

Degas is best-known for his distinctive, cropped compositions that offer an unusual vantage point onto a myriad scenes of modern Parisian life, as well as figure studies of ballet dances or jockeys on the racecourse. Many of Degas’s women are shown not in the spotlight but backstage, usually in an unposed and private moment observed from afar. In many cases, the focus is on the curves of her bent body as she washed or combs her hair.

In 1961, Margarethe’s estate was split between her two sons Walther and Dieter, who each went on to develop their share in new directions. Dieter would become known for his eye for leading Surrealists, including Salvador Dalí, Joan Miró, and René Magritte. He sold many of Gerstenberg’s works to secure these acquisitions, and many of his best finds are on public display at “Surreal Worlds” at the Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection in Berlin.

Walther, meanwhile, kept a stronger focus on 19th-century French art. Together with his wife Eve, a mechanical engineer and successful businesswoman, he began buying works by Impressionists like Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, and Degas, as well some Post-Impressionist pieces by Paul Cézanne and Pierre Bonnard.

One classical example is (1903), one of several views that Monet made of London’s Thames. He was particularly drawn to the atmospheric effects produced by a hazy layer of smoke that draped the city, describing these conditions as “so idiosyncratic” in a letter to his wife in 1900. The randomness of the elements meant that every time Monet settled on the riverbanks, he was met with a new impression. Years later, the painter recalled how London’s “fog gives it its magnificent breadth. Its regular and massive blocks become grandiose within that mysterious cloak.”

A generation after the Impressionists first used quick, visible brushstrokes to capture fleeting moments that felt true to life, the Post-Impressionists advanced their ideas, bridging them with the modernist developments of the 20th century. Perhaps no artist had a bigger influence on the likes of Picasso and Matisse than Cézanne, who revealed the underlying geometric structure of his still-lifes and landscapes by emphasizing the role of line and form in the pictorial plane.

Meanwhilem Cézanne’s contemporary Bonnard, another favourite of the Scharfs, is admired for his expressive use of color in otherwise unremarkable but charming domestic scenes.

Walther and Eve’s drive to accumulate important works was inherited by their son René, who has expanded the collection to include modern and contemporary art. Having worked at Christie’s auction house in London and New York, he founded Scharf Fine Art in New York in 1988. Inevitably, the city brought him closer to the work of great Abstract Expressionist artists, and for a time he began supporting figures like Maurice Estève and Sam Francis.

Since 2001, René has been living in Germany with his second wife, Christiane. The pair specialize in leading Berlin artists like Katharina Grosse, Daniel Richter, and Liverpool-born Tony Cragg. Their works pull into the present the story of rapid and radical change that is told by the Scharf Collection.

Source: Exhibition - news.artnet.com